Multidisciplinary integration eliminates bottlenecks in industrialization

At the 7th Academic Conference of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, Metallurgy and Materials Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Engineering held last week, Tan Tianwei, vice president of the Beijing University of Chemical Technology and chief scientist of the "973" project, stated that the amplification of reaction devices has become a bottleneck restricting the development of industrial biotechnology in China. Bioengineering should be combined with other disciplines and technologies to solve this outstanding problem.
Tan Tianwei believes that China is a big country in industrial biotechnology, but it is not a powerful country. China's industrial bio-industry has not only high energy consumption, but also a large amount of waste water and waste slag. This is mainly due to the poor conversion capability of new bio-products in China, lack of product pilot-scale and amplification technology platforms, and the inability to rapidly convert laboratory results into Industrial Products. At present, the common amplification method of the reaction device is an empirical step-by-step enlargement method, which enlarges 10 times at a time. From the laboratory's small scale trial to several tens of thousands of tons of industrial scale, it usually takes more than ten years or even 20 years of trial and error, and it is prone to high energy consumption, multiple emissions, decreased production of target products, increased by-products, and raw materials. Problems such as low utilization rate.
Tan Tianwei said that humans can communicate through language, and microbes also have their own way of communication. This is the signal transmission of microbes. He said that as early as 20 years ago, China had developed a two-step fermentation method of vitamin C using the language of microorganisms. Vitamin C precursors are produced by co-fermentation of two strains. A single strain cannot produce the target product, and the two bacteria can ferment to produce the target product. This is the population effect. However, at present, the research on the communication rules between cells and the relationship between microorganisms and the environment is far from thorough. Many biochemical reactions have been successfully tested in laboratories, but they have failed to be amplified. This is because the small test environment is suitable for microbial fermentation, but the microorganisms are very sensitive to the environment, the density of the bacteria changes after the scale of the device is changed, the population effect is not suitable for microbial fermentation, and the microorganisms are mutated, resulting in the amplification failure of many reaction devices.
Tan Tianwei pointed out that in order to solve the problem of amplification of reaction devices, it is necessary to clarify the scientific issues of process engineering in industrial biotechnology, integrate different disciplines and technologies in different fields, and apply them in a comprehensive manner, especially combining biological engineering and chemical engineering. The existing chemical engineering theory, taking into account the characteristics of living organisms, seeks signal transduction between microorganisms through the study of intermediate metabolites and chemical fluid calculation methods. Having mastered the language of microorganisms, we can fully utilize the group effect to control the scale of biochemical reactions to directly amplify and quickly apply laboratory results to industrial production.

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