The world consumes 84 million barrels of oil every day, and the United States accounts for a quarter of them. At the same time, the rising carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere has caused the permafrost to melt and the ice shelf to collapse. Climatologists warn that if emissions remain at their current level, the next generation will face an unprecedented environmental catastrophe. There is no solution to this problem that can be effective. With the help of dozens of scientists and energy experts, American scientists collected a new set of technologies. Utilizing these technologies, by 2025, the United States can cut its oil consumption by half while greatly reducing its dependence on fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. Combined with existing nuclear power and hydroelectric power, renewable energy will enable the United States to meet the needs of home and economic development, basically without producing greenhouse gas fuel. The United States "Popular Science" magazine recently published an article describing this new technology. The article titled "Ten Plans to Solve America's Reliance on Fossil Fuels" is summarized as follows:
It is better to vote for the chief of the Middle East than for the American farmer. This is just one reason why ethanol has been regained favor. This year, American automakers will put 1 million variable-fuel vehicles on the market, and the number of gas stations providing ethanol will also increase by one-third to about 1,000.
The trouble is that most of the ethanol produced in the United States currently comes from corn, and its production process requires the consumption of large quantities of fossil fuels.
Daniel Carmen of Berkeley believes that ethanol, a corn-based raw material, is a kind of "transitional" fuel. He said: "To make ethanol work to reduce gasoline consumption and mitigate global warming, we need to switch from corn ethanol to cellulosic ethanol on a large scale." Cellulosic ethanol is like switchgrass, sawdust, and corn tassels. Made of agricultural waste.
Today, the enzymes used to make this fuel are expensive. However, the "solution" may be small or small. Eddy Rubin, director of the Department of Energy's Joint Genome Institute, said: "Microbes in the termites of the termites can convert plant cellulose into carbohydrates. We are sorting the DNA of these microorganisms so that we can finally consider cultivating them through bioengineering. New organisms to secrete these enzymes.†In other words, in essence, one day, our car will provide kinetic energy from bug's body fluids.
Use waste to make gas
We have been burning "biofuels" since the Paleolithic era. At that time, we burned wood and heated it in the cave and grilled it like a leg. Today, most "biofuels" are still taken from wood. However, we are gradually perfecting technologies that use agricultural waste and even waste power generation. Like fossil fuels, these materials also emit carbon dioxide when they burn. However, the emitted carbon dioxide is offset by the carbon dioxide absorbed by the plant as it grows.
Richard Bain of the National Bioenergy Center of the Department of Energy said that in the new generation of technologies, "gasification" is probably the most potential. The gasification unit uses high heat to convert agricultural waste into a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a low-oxygen environment and can be burned in a boiler or replaced with natural gas in a turbine. This conversion can increase energy efficiency by 10%, and the released gas can be used to propel a steam turbine for a second round of power generation. The heat that is wasted throughout the process can be used to heat the building or the entire city.
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