The CNC machine tool is an electromechanical instrument integrated machine tool with high technical content. After the user buys a CNC machine tool, whether or not the machine is turned on safely is a key step. Whether this step is correct or not depends on a large number of procedures to determine whether the CNC machine tool can exert its normal economic efficiency and its own service life. This is a major issue for the manufacturers and user factories of CNC machine tools. CNC machine start, debugging should be carried out in accordance with the following steps.
1 Visual inspection before power on Machine tool inspection Open the machine control box and check the relay, contactor, fuse, servo motor speed, control unit socket, spindle motor speed control unit socket, etc. for looseness. If loose, restore the normal state. The connector of the locking mechanism must be locked. The machine tool with the transfer box must check the socket on the transfer box, whether the wiring is loose or not, and the locking mechanism must be locked. CNC box inspection Open the CNC box door, check all kinds of interface sockets, servo motor feedback line socket, spindle pulse generator socket, hand pulse generator socket, CRT socket, etc. If loose, re-plug, have lock. The mechanism must be locked. Check the setting of the short-circuit terminal on each printed circuit board according to the instruction manual. It must be in accordance with the state set by the machine tool manufacturer. It should be reset if it is indeed wrong. Under normal circumstances, it is not necessary to re-set, but the user must set the short-circuit terminal. The state makes the original record. Wiring quality check Check all terminals. Including the terminals of the machine tool manufacturer's own wiring when the strong and weak electricity parts are assembled, and the connecting terminals of the power cables of the motors. Each terminal must be fastened with a screwdriver until the screwdriver can't be used. Each motor socket must be Tighten. Solenoid Check All solenoid valves must be pushed by hand several times to prevent malfunction caused by long periods of non-energization. If any abnormality is found, records should be made to confirm repairs or replacements after power up. Limit Switch Inspection Checks whether the flexible and fixed position of the limit switch operation is firm. If it is found that the operation is poor or not fixed, it shall be handled immediately. Buttons and Switches Check the buttons and switches on the operation panel. Check all the buttons, switches, and indicators on the operation panel. If any errors are found, handle them immediately. Check the sockets and wiring on the CRT unit. The ground inspection requires a good ground wire. Measure the ground of the machine tool and the grounding resistance must not exceed 1Ω. Power phase sequence check Use the phase sequence table to check the phase sequence of the input power supply. Make sure that the phase sequence of the input power supply is absolutely consistent with the phase sequence of the calibrated power supply on the machine tool.
Equipment with secondary wiring, such as power transformers, must confirm the consistency of the phase sequence of the secondary wiring. To ensure that the phase sequence is absolutely correct. At this point the power supply voltage should be measured and recorded.
2 Turn on the total voltage of the machine to connect the total power of the machine, check whether the CNC electric box, the cooling fan of the spindle motor, the cooling fan of the machine tool box are correct, and the signs of the oil in the lubrication, hydraulic pressure, etc., and whether the machine lighting is normal. Whether the fuse is damaged or not, if there is any abnormality, it should be repaired immediately and no abnormality can continue. Measure the voltage of each part of the strong electricity, especially the primary and secondary voltage of the power transformer for the CNC and the servo unit, and make a record. Observe whether there is any oil leakage, especially hydraulic cylinders and solenoid valves for turret indexing, clamping, spindle shifting and chuck clamping. If there is oil leakage, it should be immediately repaired or replaced.
3 Energize the CNC power box Press the CNC power supply power button, turn on the CNC power supply, and observe the CRT display until the normal screen appears. If the ALARM display appears, you should search for a fault and remove it. In this case, check the power supply again. Turn on the CNC power supply, measure the voltage of each level according to the position of the test terminal given in the relevant data, the deviation should be adjusted to the given value, and make a record. Put the status switch in the appropriate position, such as the Japanese FANUC system should be placed in the MDI state, select the parameter page. The parameters are checked on a one-by-one basis, one by one, and these parameters should be in accordance with the random parameters table. If there are inconsistent parameters, you should find out the meaning of each parameter before deciding whether to modify. For example, the value of backlash compensation may not be consistent with the parameter table. This can be modified at any time after the actual machining. Place the state selection switch in the JOG position, place the jog speed in the lowest gear, and perform the jog operation in the forward and reverse directions of each coordinate respectively. At the same time, press the overtravel protection switch corresponding to the jog direction to verify the protection function. The reliability is then followed by a slow overtravel test to verify the correctness of the overtravel bumper installation. Place the status switch in the zero-back position and complete the zero-return operation. If the reference point return action is not completed, other operations cannot be performed. Therefore, in this case, this operation should be performed first and then the fourth operation. Set the status switch to the JOG position or MDI position to perform the manual shift test. After verifying, place the spindle speed control switch at the lowest position and perform the spindle forward/reverse rotation test at each position to observe the correctness of the spindle operation and speed display. , and then gradually increase to the maximum speed, observe the stability of the spindle operation. Conduct manual rail lubricity test to make the rails have good lubrication. Gradually change the fast-shift overshoot switch and the feedrate override switch, and freely move the knife holder to observe the correctness of the speed change.
4 MDI test to measure the actual speed of the spindle. Put the machine lock switch on the on position, use the manual data input command to perform any spindle shift, variable speed test, measure the actual speed of the spindle, and observe the spindle speed display value, adjust the error should be limited Within 5%. The purpose of the selection test of the turret or tool holder is to check the correctness of the tool holder or the forward, reverse and positioning accuracy. Functional tests vary according to the conditions of the order and the functions are different. Each function can be tested according to the specific situation. To prevent accidents from happening, it is best to lock the machine for testing before releasing the machine for testing. The EDIT function test puts the status selection switch on the EDIT position. It compiles a simple program and includes as many functions and auxiliary function instructions as possible. The movement size is limited to the maximum stroke of the machine tool, and the program is added, deleted, and modified at the same time. . The automatic state test locks the machine tool, uses the compiled program to perform the empty running test, verifies the correctness of the program, and then releases the machine tool, and separately switches the feedrate override switch, the fast overshoot switch, and the spindle speed overshoot switch to various changes. Make the machine fully operate under the above-mentioned various changes of each switch, and then place each over-shoot switch at 100% to make the machine run fully and observe whether the whole work is normal.
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