Basic principle and filtration method of slurry filtration

Filtration is a method that makes solid-liquid separation more efficient. The essence is that the pressure difference is used to pass the slurry through a porous medium layer (spacer layer) which is permeable to water and does not penetrate solid particles. Therefore, the basic principle of filtration is to use a substance with many pores (such as filter cloth) as a medium (called a filter medium), so that the liquid in the slurry passes through the pores of the gas, and the solid particles in the slurry are trapped in the pores. On the media. When filtering, the filtered suspension is usually called a filter slurry, and the solid particles trapped on the filter medium are called filter residue or filter cake. The liquid that permeates the filter cake and the filter medium is called filtrate, as shown in Figure 9-6. Show.

As can be seen from Figure 9-6, the slurry should have a driving force to overcome the resistance of the filter cake and the resistance of the filter medium. The driving force of the filtration is the pressure difference between the filter cake and the filter medium. Therefore, depending on the driving force, the filtering methods can be roughly classified into the following categories.

(1) Gravity filtration means that the filtrate is discharged through the filter medium under its own gravity.

(2) Pressure filtration uses a slurry pump or a vacuum compressor to apply pressure to the slurry, forcing the liquid to pass through the filter medium.

(3) Vacuum filtration The vacuum suction caused by the vacuum pump is used to cause the filtrate to be sucked through the filter medium.

(4) Centrifugal filtration, using centrifugal force to remove the liquid in the slurry.

(5) Magnetic filtration combined with vacuum filtration is mainly used for filtration of magnetic products.

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