The utilization hours of power generation equipment refers to indicators that reflect the utilization level and level of power generation equipment. Every year, the China Electricity Council publishes the annual utilization hours of generator sets of more than 6MW. The power industry supervision department is also very concerned about this indicator. Power generation companies are more concerned about the utilization hours of their own power plants. This is nothing more than a word - money, the use of hours is directly related to making money.
Of course, the amount of electricity generated is most relevant to the recovered electricity bill. However, for units with different installed capacity, it is difficult to compare their electricity bills directly through the amount of electricity generated, so the "utilization hours" indicator is used. The higher the utilization hours, the more adequate the equipment is used, the lower the fixed asset investment amortized per kilowatt hour, or the faster the fixed asset investment is recovered when the electricity price is the same.
The power industry regulatory authorities are concerned about this indicator, which is to investigate whether the power system dispatching organization has achieved fair scheduling. The same is a coal-fired power plant. The annual utilization hours reach 5,500 hours, and the other is only 3,000 hours. That may be unfair to the power plants with low hours. However, it is really unfair, and it requires nuanced investigations, such as low power load, equipment problems or failures, transmission line congestion, power system security, etc., which may make the utilization hours low.
Here's how to calculate it?
Many people think that the annual utilization hours = annual power generation / installed capacity, the formula is correct, but not rigorous, it is easy to calculate the utilization hours is too small.
The exact method is: the number of hours of operation calculated by dividing the amount of electricity generated during the reporting period by the capacity of the generating equipment. The same concept also has an indicator: equipment utilization, which is the ratio of the number of hours of utilization of power generation equipment during the reporting period to the number of calendar hours in that period. It should be noted here that during the reporting period, we should pay attention to when the reporting period is when we use these two indicators.
For example, if a 3MW wind turbine is put into operation on January 1st, and the cumulative power generation will be 6000kWh by the end of the year, and another 2MW wind turbine will be put into operation on July 1, and the cumulative power generation will reach 3000kWh by the end of the year, then their utilization hours are 2000. In hours and 1500 hours, the utilization rates were 2000/8760 and 1500/4416, respectively, 22.8% and 34.0%, and it was obvious that the second fan was more utilized. (8760 and 4416 are the hours of the year and the second half, respectively, 8760 = 24 × 365, 4416 = 24 × 184)
If they are converted into one year, the hours of use are 2000 and 3000 hours respectively. It can also be seen that the utilization of the second fan is higher. Considering two wind turbines as a wind farm, the entire wind farm can generate 12,000 kWh of electricity and install 5 MW, and the annual utilization hours of the wind farm is 2,400 hours. If you do not pay attention to the reporting period and directly add up, the power generation is only 9000 hours, and the direct result will give 1800 hours of wrong results. For renewable energy power plants such as wind farms and photovoltaic power plants, many wind turbines or photovoltaic panels are connected to the grid in batches. When calculating the hours of use, it is necessary to pay attention to when the reporting period of each batch is in each period.
The concept of using hours and utilization is not only applicable to power generation equipment, but both production and life have problems in terms of hours of utilization and utilization. We can use this method to calculate the hours and utilization of various types of equipment, such as home TV, microwave oven, washing machine or something. It is best to buy less than a few times a year, rent it when you use it, and you should buy good quality things. In this way, the utilization rate of mobile phones, computers and other equipment is too high, and the price is higher, and the quality is better.
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