New energy vehicle overseas policy mirror

New energy vehicles are a global response initiated to replace traditional fossil fuels. Judging from the overseas development experience, government policies developed from the 1990s mainly focused on three aspects: technical support, energy-saving emission reduction restrictions, and market promotion.

â—ŽTechnical support

From the perspective of technical support, in the mid-to-late 1990s, the United States issued the “US Innovation Strategy: Promoting Sustainable Growth and High-quality Employment,” and explicitly proposed to allocate US$2 billion to support research and development of the auto battery technology and the development of the accessory industry as soon as possible. The world’s lightest, cheapest, and most powerful car battery is produced, making the United States’ electric vehicles, biofuels, and advanced combustion technologies at the forefront of the world.

South Korea promulgated the “New Growth Power Planning and Development Strategy” and proposed to develop key technologies such as hybrid electric vehicles and other key technologies in order to achieve localization of key components and materials in the green transportation system. In 2013, it entered the top 4 in the green car world.

â—Ž Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Policy

From the perspective of energy-saving and emission-reduction policies, foreign government policies are mainly reflected in the reduction of vehicle weight, fuel consumption, and exhaust gas volume, and the strengthening of penalties for vehicles with high fuel consumption and high emissions.

In the United States, the new model is based on fuel consumption improvement rate to determine the amount of tax cuts, "US innovation strategy: promote sustainable growth and high-quality employment," proposed to encourage consumers to buy electric cars, the US government will provide a total of up to 750 billion US dollars Tax credits.

On July 1, 2009, the U.S. government proposed a "recovery mechanism for vehicle discounts" with a total amount of 10 billion U.S. dollars -- a trade-in rebate policy, and the plan lasted for one year. The plan will subsidize $3,500 for the number of gallons per gallon that consumers purchase for a new car and $4,500 for a 10-mile increase.

In some cities and regions in Italy, if the car is a "electric car without gasoline or diesel engine", the period for exemption from road tax is 5 years instead of 3 years for ordinary hybrid cars, and insurance is accordingly About 50% reduction.

When the UK collects vehicle ownership tax, the new purchase of electric vehicles is taxed based on CO 2 emissions. The less the emissions, the lower the taxation.

The battery weight and overall vehicle weight of an electric vehicle directly determine the energy savings. For this reason, some countries formulate different policy preferential measures according to the difference in vehicle weight. In the United States, the “Amendment to the Clean Air Act” passed in 1990 clearly stated that the tax credit should be adjusted according to the total weight of the vehicle to reflect the reduction in vehicle emissions.

The "Energy Policy Law" promulgated in 2002 proposes that the total taxation rate of pure electric vehicles be divided into four different tax cuts. The purchase of pure electric vehicles with a total weight of not more than 8,500 pounds will be reduced by 3,500 U.S. dollars if this electric vehicle is charged once. If the driving range reaches 100 miles or the effective load capacity reaches 1,000 pounds, the tax reduction can be increased to 6,000 USD.

â—ŽMarket Promotion Policy

Under the market economy system, any product R&D terminal will go to the market. On April 1, 2009, Japan began to implement a “green tax system” to eliminate consumers’ purchase of pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and clean diesel vehicles. tax.

The Japanese government also proposed to provide around 230 billion yen in funds for supporting energy-saving and eco-friendly models in the one year after November 2009.