Safety regulations for different mining methods

I. General regulations

(1) Underground mining must be carried out in accordance with mining design and operational procedures.

(2) Each exit must have two exits connected to each other. The support for the safety exit must be strong and have a ladder.

(3) In the two middle sections adjacent to each other, when the stope arranged along the upper and lower sides of the slope is used for the open field method and the mining method is used for mining, it is forbidden to pick up at the same time. Only after the upper part of the mine is finished, the lower stop is used.

(4) When adopting the comprehensive mining method, the roof should be carefully inspected during the mining process. According to the stability of the roof, leave a suitable column.

(5) When using the transverse strut mining method, the cross bracing support material should have sufficient strength. It is necessary to set up the platform before quasi-rock drilling. Personnel are prohibited from walking on the cross braces. The width of the stope (ore body thickness) shall not exceed 3 meters.

(6) The pillars must be recycled reasonably. When designing back into the mining room, it must be designed back to the mining column. After the middle section of the mining section is finished, the pillars of the upper middle section should be recovered in time.

(7) During the recovery process, the stability of the pillars and the lanes of transportation, ventilation, etc. must be ensured, and it is not allowed to dig into the mine shafts that are detrimental to their stability. When returning to the mining room to the vicinity of the pillar, the quality of rock drilling and the amount of explosives should be strictly controlled. The technicians should give the mining limit in time and prohibit over-excavation.

(8) Mines with frequent and strong ground pressure activities shall have personnel who are responsible for ground pressure. The ground pressure personnel routinely monitor all parts of the mine and find that the dangerous situation (such as support skew, damage, roof and two sets of cracks, etc.) should be reported in a timely manner, inform the relevant personnel, and analyze the reasons for processing. Individual mining sites with frequent activities, broken roofs and possible caving should be inspected by experienced personnel and every shift to guide the rock drilling method to avoid large fluctuations. If you find a sign of a fall, you should immediately withdraw all personnel.

(9) The goaf should be disposed of in a timely manner. Different treatment methods are adopted depending on the volume of the goaf and the potential danger. Large volume, once collapsed will cause the entire mining site or the entire mine devastating disaster, should be treated by filling method or timely and effective forced collapse. An isolated goaf that is small in size or far from the main ore body can be treated in a closed manner. The strength of the closed wall should be sufficient to withstand the shock wave generated by the collapse.

(10) It is forbidden to vent the mine, and unqualified large ore, scrap steel, wood and wire rope are prohibited from being placed in the well to prevent blockage. When the mine is being mined, the miner should contact the pick-up and mover to prevent it from pouring into the mine at the same time, and the ore flow will cause injury.

(11) It is strictly forbidden for personnel to stand directly on the ore of the chute or funnel or enter the chute and funnel to handle the blockage.

(12) When there are overhanging arches or vertical troughs in the mining operation, it is strictly forbidden for personnel to enter the suspended arch or the vertical trough for treatment.

(13) Supporting measures shall be taken for the soft and unstable mining face, mining and cutting roadway of surrounding rock; the support damaged by blasting or other reasons shall be repaired in time to confirm the safety and standard operation.

(14) When the harbinger is found during the operation, the operation shall be stopped for treatment; if the roof is found to be a serious threat, the operator shall immediately notify the operator to evacuate the site and report it in time.

Second, the safety regulations for shallow hole retention method

(1) Before the first layer is mined, the lower funnel should be expanded and filled with ore;

(2) Each funnel shall be uniformly mined and found to be suspended, and the upper part shall be stopped, and the operation shall be stopped after the suspension is suspended;

(3) The personnel of the mine release personnel and the personnel in the stope shall be in close contact. In the area affected by the mine, it is not allowed to work at the same time.

(4) The amount of ore discharged per layer shall be controlled so that the height of the working face is kept within 2 meters. If the mechanized rock drilling rig is eye-catching, the height may be determined by mechanical requirements.

  3. Safety regulations for filling mining laws

(1) The exit must maintain two exits and have lighting. Pedestrian wells, mines and ventilation shafts must be kept open.

(2) It is forbidden to carry out rock drilling and pumice at the same time in the stope.

(3) Before the shooting in the stope, it is necessary to notify the adjacent stope and the nearby wells and strengthen the alert.

(4) Filling the stope in the upward stratification, the filling well and its connecting road must be constructed first, then the bottom structure and the bottoming roadway should be constructed to form good ventilation conditions as soon as possible.

(5) When drilling rock in the stope, the blastholes should be arranged evenly and form an arch along the top plate. The charge should be appropriate to control the ore block.

(6) Screening should be carried out to prevent people from falling and blocking.

(7) Fill in each layer after mining to ensure the filling quality. The last layer should take measures and close the top.

(8) Persons are prohibited from staying and passing under the filling well; when filling, there should be communication links between the various procedures.

(9) Down the cementation filling of the stope, the ore of the two corners should be cleaned up.

(10) Dry filling, each working point should have good ventilation and dust removal measures, and strengthen individual protection.

   4. Safety regulations for the subsection mining law

(1) Except for the roadway for mining, transportation, filling and ventilation, it is forbidden to dig other roadways in the top pillar of the stope.

(2) The mine houses and pillars in the upper and middle sections shall have the same specifications and shall correspond to the upper and lower sides.

V. Safety regulations for wall caving mining method

(1) Safety measures for suspension, roof control, roofing distance and roofing must be specified in the design.

(2) Before the topping, a comprehensive inspection should be carried out to ensure smooth export, good lighting and safe equipment.

(3) When the roof is placed, personnel are prohibited from staying in the roadway near the ceiling area.

(4) In the dense pillars, every 3 to 5 m shall have a safety exit with a width of not less than 0.8 m. When the dense pillars are under pressure, reinforcement measures must be taken in time.

(5) If the topping does not achieve the expected results, careful design must be made before the second release.

When the (six) multilayer orebody slicing, must wait until after the upper stone slate roof caving and stable, before being allowed to the lower seam mining.

(7) When the two adjacent middle sections are simultaneously harvested, the upper and middle sections of the working face shall be inclined longer than the working face of the lower middle section and shall not be less than 20 m.

(8) The roof that cannot be self-propelled after the column is withdrawn shall be re-drilled and blasted to the topping area at 0.5m outside the dense pillar to force a caving.

(9) The mechanical withdrawal of the column and the manual withdrawal of the column shall be carried out from the bottom up and from the far side. If the inclination of the ore body is less than 10 degrees, the order of withdrawing the column is not limited.

   6. Safety regulations for sublevel caving mining method and stage caving method with bottom column

(1) The stopway of the stope shall have independent inlet and return air passages, and the direction of transport of the electric ramp shall be opposite to the direction of wind flow.

(2) The communication path between the electric ramps shall be located on the side of the wind and on the side or rear of the electric winch.

(3) There must be a sidewalk with a width of not less than 0.8m next to the discharge port of the electric tunnel.

(4) Unrepaired electric ramps are not allowed to be mined.

(5) When using extrusion blasting, the compensation space and the amount of ore-mining should be controlled to avoid the occurrence of overhanging.

(6) The bottom space shall be formed with a loose cushion layer with a thickness of not less than 3 to 4 m.

(7) The top of the stope shall have a covered rock layer with a thickness not less than the height of the caving layer. If the top plate of the stope cannot be self-propelled, it should be forced to collapse in time or filled with filler.

(8) Both the sublevel caving method and the stage caving method shall have strict mining order, especially in the high stage natural caving method. The bottoming method and mining sequence need to strictly follow the law of ground pressure.

VII. Safety regulations for sublevel caving mining without bottom pillar

(1) Above the mining face, there should be a covered rock layer larger than the section height to ensure the safety of the mining work. If the amount of rock that cannot be self-propelled or falling on the upper plate does not reach the specified thickness, it must be forcedly topped in time to make the thickness of the covered rock layer reach about twice the segment height.

(2) When the upper and lower sections are simultaneously harvested, the upper section shall be advanced to the lower section, and the advance distance shall be such that the upper section is outside the range of the displacement of the lower section of the mining face, and shall not be less than 20 m.

(3) There must be sufficient fresh air flow in each section of the contact road.

(4) When the various sections are completed, the slippery well of this section shall be closed in time.

8. Safety regulations for stratified caving

(1) The width of each stratified approach shall not exceed 3 m and the stratified height shall not exceed 3.5 m.

(2) When the upper and lower layers are simultaneously harvested; the upper layer (in the horizontal direction) must be maintained above the adjacent lower layer for more than 15m.

(3) When the false ceiling is collapsed, personnel are prohibited from staying in the adjacent access road.

(4) When the false top landing is blocked, it is forbidden to continue mining and stratification. When the roof is dropped, it is forbidden to work in the adjacent or lower part of the roadway.

(5) When the roof is collapsed, it is forbidden to withdraw the pillars by the felling method. When the first layer is mined, it is forbidden to withdraw the pillars.

(6) The gently inclined ore body whose top plate cannot be naturally collapsed in time shall be forced to be topped.

(7) Rock drilling, charging, mining and other operations shall be carried out in the support area.

(8) After the mining area is finished, a strengthened false roof shall be laid at the entrance of the patio.

(9) Mining should be carried out from the side of the nugget to the direction of the patio to avoid a single working face with poor ventilation. When the excavation approaches the patio, the stratified veins (through the veins) must communicate with the other ten patios within the stratification.

(10) To clean up the work surface, it must start from the exit to the caving area.

9. Safety regulations for returning to the mining column

(1) For the recovery of the top column and the inter-column, the stability of the transportation roadway shall be checked in advance, and reinforcement measures shall be taken when necessary.

(2) When the cementing method is used to fill the mining method, the cemented backfill shall be subjected to the required strength before the pillar recovery.

(3) When recovering the inter-columns of the two adjacent mines that are not filled, it is forbidden to cut the roadway in the pillar.

(4) All the preparations for the recovery of the top column and the column shall be completed before the end of the mine mining (except for the cemented filling and filling of the gob area).

(5) Except for the charging and blasting personnel, unrelated personnel are prohibited from entering the roadway and pillar mining area in the unfilled mine roof pillar.

(6) When large-scale blasting is used to force a large number of pillars to be collapsed, the organization design and safety technical measures for the construction of large blasting must be prepared. Safety measures shall be taken for roadways, equipment and facilities within the range of blasting shock waves and seismic waves and the radius of influence. If the expected collapse effect is not achieved, a supplementary collapse design shall be made.

   X. Safety regulations for mining and mining of small mines

Any mine, regardless of its size, must be implemented in strict accordance with the safety regulations promulgated by the state.

(1) Pedestrian access must be left in small mines. Before the pit, the passage from the surface to the working surface and the independent personnel access passage, the side help of the working point, the roof and the topsoil must be carefully checked. After confirming the safety, the work must be carried out.

(2) In case of rain, snow or inclement weather, the open pit mine shall stop working and the personnel shall be evacuated to the surface. After the rain or snow, you should observe a certain period of time, and you can resume production after you have stabilized.

(3) When lifting ore, personnel should hide in a safe place and are not allowed to stand under the bucket.

(4) The working face of the underground work shall be illuminated, and the derrick shall be stable and secure. The raised wellhead should be higher than the ground to prevent the surface water from flowing into the manhole or other objects such as ore and rolling people into the well.

(5) To enter a place with poor air circulation, the oxygen content and other harmful gas contents should be checked to prevent asphyxiation poisoning.

(6) When there is no second backup power source for the small mines, stop production during the downpour and evacuate all the underground personnel.

Since the state has a special safety rules for non-coal mines, not because of its size and distinction, it must not be considered small mines can not be subject to security procedures.